연구동향 분석
박사

Effects of tropical cyclones and biological interactions on red tide dynamics by the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in the Korean coastal waters = 한국연안에서 태풍과 생물학적 상호작용이 코클로디니움 적조에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

임안숙 2016년

논문상세정보
인용/피인용
' Effects of tropical cyclones and biological interactions on red tide dynamics by the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in the Korean coastal waters = 한국연안에서 태풍과 생물학적 상호작용이 코클로디니움 적조에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구' 의 주제별 논문영향력
논문영향력 선정 방법
논문영향력 요약
주제
  • 지구 과학
  • Alexandrium
  • Cochlodinium polykrikoides
  • Harmful algal bloom
  • Typhoons
  • ecology
  • grazing
  • taxonomy
동일주제 총논문수 논문피인용 총횟수 주제별 논문영향력의 평균
1,042 0

0.0%

' Effects of tropical cyclones and biological interactions on red tide dynamics by the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in the Korean coastal waters = 한국연안에서 태풍과 생물학적 상호작용이 코클로디니움 적조에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구' 의 참고문헌

  • Zar, J.H., 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. pp. 97-235.
  • Yoo, Y.D., Yoon, E.Y., Jeong, H.J., Lee. K.H., Hwang, Y.J., Seong, K.A., Kim, J.S., Park, J.Y., 2013. The newly described heterotrophic dinoflagellate Gyrodinium moestrupii , an effective protistan grazer of toxic dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 60, 13-24.
  • Yoo, Y.D., Jeong, H.J., Kim, M.S., Kang, N.S., Song, J.Y., Shin, W., Kim, K.Y., Lee, K., 2009. Feeding by phototrophic red-tide dinoflagellates on the ubiquitous marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 56, 413-420.
  • Yan, T., Zhou, M., Zou, J., 2002. A national report on harmful algal blooms in China. In: Tayler, F.R.J., Trainer, V.L. (Eds.) Harmful algal blooms in the PICES region of the North Pacific. PICES Sci. Rep. No. 23, pp. 152.
  • Yamatogi, T., Sakaguchi, M., Takagi, N., Iwataki, M., Matsuoka, K., 2005. Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on the growth of a harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef occurring in coastal waters of west Kyushu, Japan. Bull. Plankton Soc. Jp 52, 4-10.
  • Yamasaki, Y., Ohmichi, Y., Shikata, T., Hirose, M., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima Y., Honjo, T., 2010. Species-specific alleopathic effects of the diatom Skeletonema costatum. An Int. J. Mar. Sci., Thalassas 27, 21-32.
  • Yamasaki, Y., Nagaseo, S., Matsubara, T., Shikata. T., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima Y., Honjo, T., 2007. Growth inhibition and formation of morphologically abnormal cells of Akashiwo sanguinea (Hirasaka) G. Hansen et Moestrup by cell contact with Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef. Mar. Biol. 152, 157-163.
  • Wootton, E.C., Zubkov, M.V., Jones, D.H., Jones, R.H., Martel, C.M., Thornton, C.A., Roberts, E.C., 2007. Biochemical prey recognition by planktonic protozoa. Envion. Microbiol. 9, 216-222.
  • Wichard, T., Poulet S.A., Halsband-lenk, C., Albaina, A., Harris, R., Lie, D., Pohnert, G., 2005. Survey of the chemical defeence potential of diatoms: screening of fifty one species for α, β, γ, δ-unsaturated aldehydes. J. Chem. Ecol. 31, 949-958.
  • Whyte, J.N.C., Haigh, N., Ginther, N.G., Keddy, L.J., 2001. First record of blooms of Cochlodinium sp. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) causing mortality to aquacultured salmon on the west coast of Canada. Phycologia 40, 298-304.
  • White, A.W., 1976. Growth inhibition caused by turbulence in the toxic marine dinoflagellate Gonyaulax excavata. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 33, 2598-2602.
  • Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, H., Cao, J., 2013. Competitive interaction between diatom Skeletonema costatum and dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense in laboratory culture. J. Plankton Res. 35, 367-378.
  • Vershinin, A.O., Moruchkov, A.A., Leighfield, T., Sukhanova, I.N., Pan'kov, S.L., Morton, S.L., Ramsdell, J.S., 2005. Potentially toxic algae in the coastal phytoplankton of the Northeast Black Sea in 2001-2002. Oceanology 45, 224-232.
  • Verity, P.G., 2010. Expansion of potentially harmful algal taxa in a Georgia Estuary (USA). Harmful Algae 9, 144-152.
  • Vargas-Montero, M., Freer, E., Jim nez-Montealegre, R., Guzm n, J.C., 2006. Occurrence and predominance of the fish killer Cochlodinium polykrikoides on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. African J. Mar. Sci. 28, 215-217.
  • Van Dolah, F.M., 2000. Marine algal toxins: origins, health effects, and their increased occurrence. Environ. Health Perspect. 108(S1), 133-141.
  • Tomas, C.R., Smayda, T.J., 2008. Red tide blooms of Cochlodinium polykrikoides in a coastal cove. Harmful Algae 7, 308-317.
  • Tomas, C.R., 1978. Olisthodiscus luteus (Chrysophyceae). I. Effects of salinity and temperature on growth, mortality and survival. J. Phycol. 14, 309-313.
  • Tillmann, U., John, U., 2002. Toxic effects of Alexandrium spp. on heterotrophic dinoflagellates: an allelochemical defense mechanism independent of PSP-toxin content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 230, 47-58.
  • Thomas, W.H., Vernet, M., Gibson, C.H., 1995. Effects of small-scale turbulence on photosynthesis, pigmentation, cell division, and cell size in the marine dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra (Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 31, 50-59.
  • Thomas, W.H., Gibson, C.H., 1990b. Quantified small-scale turbulence inhibits a red tide dinoflagellate, Gonyaulax polyedra Stein. Deep-Sea Res. 37, 1583-1593.
  • Thomas, W.H., Gibson, C.H., 1990a. Effects of small-scale turbulence on microalgae. J. Applied Phycol. 2, 71-77.
  • Tang, Y.Z., Gobler, C.J., 2010. Allelopathic effects of Cochlodinium polykrikoides isolates and blooms from the estuaries of Long Island, New York, on co-occurring phytoplankton. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 406, 19-31.
  • Tang, Y., Gobler, C.J., 2009. Characterization of the toxicity of Cochlodinium polykrikoides isolates from Northeast US estuaries to finfish and shellfish. Harmful Algae 8, 454-462.
  • Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2007. MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software v. 4.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 24, 1596-1599.
  • Strathmann, R.R., 1967. Estimating the organic carbon content of phytoplankton from cell volume or plasma volume. Limnol. Oceanogr. 12, 411-418.
  • Stoecker, D.K., 1999. Mixotrophy among dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 46, 397-401.
  • Stamatakis, A. (2006). RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22, 2688-2690.
  • Smayda, T.J., 1997. Harmful algal blooms: their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 1137-1153.
  • Skovgaard, A., Hansen, P.J., Stoecker, D.K., 2000. Physiology of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Fragilidium subglobosum. 1. Effects of phagotrophy and irradiance on photosynthesis and carbon content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 201, 129-136.
  • Sieg, R.D., Poulson-Ellestad, K.L., Kubanek, J., 2011. Chemical ecology of the marine plankton. Nat. Prod. Rep. 28, 388-399.
  • Seong, K.A., Jeong, H.J., 2011. Interactions between the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus and red-tide dinoflagellates. Ocean Sci. J. 46, 105-115.
  • Selina, M.S., Morozova, T.V., 2005. First records of dinoflagellates Alexandrium margalefi Balech, 1994 and A. tamutum Montresor, Beran et John, 2004 in the seas of the Russian far east. Russ. J. Mar. Biol. 31, 187-191.
  • Scholin, C.A., Herzog, M., Sogin, M., Anderson, D.M., 1994. Identification of group and strain specific genetic makers for globally distributed Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) Ⅱ. Sequence analysis of a fragment of the LSU rRNA gene. J. Phycol. 30, 999-1011.
  • Sanders, R.W., 2011. Alternative nutritional strategies in protists: symposium introduction and a review of freshwater protists that combine photosynthesis and heterotrophy. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 58, 181-184.
  • Rountos, K.J., Tang, Y., Cerrato, R.M., Gobler, C.J., Pikitch, E.K., 2014. Toxicity of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides to early life stages of three estuarine forage fish. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 505, 81-84.
  • Ross, O.N., Sharples, J., 2007. Phytoplankton motility and the competition for nutrients in the thermocline. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 347, 21-38.
  • Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP. 2003. MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574
  • Roberts, E.C., Wootton, E.C., Davidson, K., Jeong, H.J., Lowe, C.D., Montagnes, D.J.S., 2011. Feeding in the dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina: linking behavior with mechanisms. J. Plankton Res. 33, 603-614.
  • Prince, J.F., 1981. Upper ocean response to a hurricane. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 11, 153-175.
  • Pierce, R.H., Henry, M.S., Blum, P.C., Lyons, J., Cheng, Y.S., Yazzie, D., Zhou, Y., 2003. Brevetoxin concentrations in marine aerosol: human exposure levels during a Karenia brevis harmful algal bloom. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 70, 161-165.
  • Philps, E.J., Badylak, S., Christman, M., Wolny, J., Brame, J., Garland, J., Hall, J., Hart, J., Landsberg, J., Lasi, L., Lockwood, J., Paperno, R., Scheidt, D., Staples, A., Steidinger, K., 2011. Scales of temporal and spatial variability in the distribution of harmful algae species in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA. Harmful Algae 10, 277-290.
  • Park, T.G., Lim, W.A., Park, Y.T., Lee, C.K, Jeong, H.J., 2013a. Economic impact, management and mitigation of red tides in Korea. Harmful Algae 30S, S131-S143.
  • Park, M.G., Kim, S.J., Kim, H.S., Myung, G.O., Kang, Y.G., Yih, W.H., 2006. First successful culture of the marine dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuminata. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 45, 101-106.
  • Park, M.G., Kim, M., Kang, M., 2013c. A dinoflagellate Amylax triacantha with plastids of the Cryptophyte origin: phylogeny, feeding mechanism, and growth and grazing responses. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 60, 363-376.
  • Park, J.G., Jeong, M.K., Lee, J.A., Cho, K., Kwon, O., 2001. Diurnal vertical migration of a harmful dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Dinophyceae), during a red tide in coastal waters of Namhae Island, Korea. Phycologia 40, 292-297.
  • Park, J. Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Yoon, E.Y., 2013b. Mixotrophic dinoflagellate red tides in Koean waters: distribution and ecophysiology. Harmful Algae 30S, S28-S40.
  • Paasche, E. 1973. Silicon and the ecology ofmarine plankton diatoms. 1. Thalassiosira pseuclonana (Cyclotella nana) grown in a chemost at with silicate as limiting nutrient.Mar. Biol. 19, 117-126.
  • Oviatt, C., Lane, P., French III.F., Donaghay, P., 1989. Phytoplankton species and abundance in response to eutrophication in coastal marine mesocosms. J. Plankton Res. 11, 1223-1244.
  • Orr, R.J.S., St ken, A., Rundberget, T., Eikrem, W., Jakobson, K.S., 2011. Improved phylogenetic resolution of toxic and non-toxic Alexandrium strains using a concatenated rDNA approach. Harmful Algae 10, 676-688.
  • Oh, S.J., Yoon, Y.H., Kim, D.-I., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima, Y., Honjo, T., 2006. Effects of light quantity and quality on he growth of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef (Dinophyceae). Algae 21, 311-316.
  • Nygaard, K., Tobiesen, A., 1993. Bacterivory in algae: A survival strategy during nutrient limitation. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38, 273-379.
  • National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), 2014. Monitoring, management and mitigation of red tide. Annual report of NFRDI on red tide of Korea, Busan, Korea (written in Korean).
  • Nagasoe, S., Toda, S., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima, Y., Uchida, T., Honjo, T., 2006a. Growth inhibition of Gyrodinium instriatum (Dianophyceae) by Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophyceae). African J. Marine Sci. 28, 325-329.
  • Nagasoe, S., Kim, D., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima, Y., Tamaguchi, M., Honjo, T., 2006b. Effects of water temperature, salinity and irradiance on the growth of the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium instriatum Freudenthal et Lee. Harmful Algae 5, 20-25.
  • Murray, S., Hoppenrath, M., Orr, R.J.S., Bolch, C., John, U., Diwan, R., Yauwenas, R., Harwood, T., de Salas, M., Neilan, B., Hallegraeff, G., 2014. Alexandrium diversaporum sp. nov., a new non-saxitoxin producing species: Phylogeny, morphology and sxtA genes. Harmful Algae 31, 54-65.
  • Munir, S., Naz, T., Burhan, Z., Siddiqui, P.J.A., Morton S.L., 2012. First report of the athecate, chain forming dinoflagellate Cochlodinium fulvescens (Gymnodiniales) from Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot. 44, 2129-2134.
  • Mulhollannd, M., Morse, R.E., Boneillo, G.E., Bernhardt, P.W., Filippino, K.C., Procise, L.A., Blanco-Garcia, J.L., Marshall, H.G., Egerton, T.A., Hunley, W.S., Moore, K.A., Berry, D.L., Gobler, C.J., 2009. Understanding causes and impacts of the dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, blooms in the Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries and Coasts 32, 734-747.
  • Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF), 2008. The Technique of Wintering Culture of the Sea Bream in Net-cage Culture System in the Southern Sea, Korea. Report of MIFAFF, Busan, Korea. pp. 262.
  • Medlin, L., Elwood, H.J., Stickel, S., Sogin, M.L., 1988. The characterization of enzymatically amplified eukaryokic 16S-like rRNA-coding regions. Gene 71,491-499.
  • Matsubara, T., Nagaseo, S., Yamasaki, Y., Shikata, T., Shimasaki, Y., Oshima, Y., Honjo, T., 2007. Effects of water temperature, salinity and irradiance on the growth of the dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 342, 226-230.
  • Margalef, R., 1961. Hidrograf a y fitoplancton de un rea marina de la costa meridional de Puerto Rico. Invest. Pesq. 18, 33-96.
  • Maciel-Baltazar, E., Hern ndez-Becerril, D.U., 2013. Species of athecate dinoflagellates (Dinophyta) from coasts of Chiapas, southern Mexican Pacific. Rev. Biol. Mar. oceanogr. 48, 245-259.
  • MacKenzie, L., de Salas, M., Adamson, J., Beuzenberg, V., 2004. The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Halim) in New Zealand coastal waters: comparative morphology, toxicity and molecular genetics. Harmful Algae 3, 71-92.
  • MacKenzie, L., Todd, K., 2002. Alexandrium camutascutulum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae): a new dinoflagellate species from New Zealand. Harmful Algae 1, 295-300.
  • Ma, H., Krock, B., Tillmann, U., Bickmeyer, U., Graeve, M., Cembella, A., 2011. Mode of action of membrane-disruptive lytic compounds from the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense. Toxicon 58, 247-258.
  • Litaker, R.W., Vandersea, M.W., Kibler, S.R., Reece, K.S., Stokes, N.A., Steidinger, K.A., Millie, D.F., Bendis, B.J., Pigg, R.J., Tester, P.A., 2003. Identification of Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae) and Pfiesteria-like organisms using internal transcribed spacer-specific PCR assays. J. Phycol. 39, 754-761.
  • Lin, I., Liu, W.T., Wu, C., Wong, G.T.F., Hu, C., Chen, Z., Liang, W., Yang, Y., Liu, K., 2003. New evidence for enhanced ocean primary production triggered by tropical cyclone. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 1718, doi:10.1029/2003GL017141.
  • Lim, W.A., Lee, Y.S., Park, J.G., 2009. Characteristics of Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom in southeast coastal waters of Korea, 2008. J. Kor. Soc. Oceanogr. 14, 155-162. (written in Korean with English abstract)
  • Lim, W.A., Lee, Y.S., Lee, S.G., 2008. Characteristics of environmental factors related to outbreak and decline of Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom in the southeast coastal waters of Korea, 2007. J. Kor. Soc. Oceanogr. 13, 325-332. (written in Korean with English abstract)
  • Lim, W.A., Lee, Y.S, Lee, S.G., Lee, J.Y., 2007. Distribution and community structure of phytoplankton in the southeast coastal waters during Summer 2006. J. Kor. Soc. Oceanogr. 12, 370-379. (written in Korean with English abstract)
  • Lim, W.A., Jung, C.S., Lee, C.K., Cho, Y.C., Lee, S.G., Kim, H.G., Chung, I.K., 2002. The outbreak, maintenance and decline of the red tide dominated by Cochlodinium polykrikoides in the coastal waters off southern Korea from August to October, 2000. The Sea 7, 68-77. (in Korean with English abstract).
  • Lim, A.S., Jeong, H.J., Kim, J.H., Lee, S.Y., 2015a. Description of the new phototrophic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pohangense sp. nov. from Korean coastal waters. Harmful Algae 46, 49-61.
  • Lim, A.S., Jeong, H.J., Jang, T.Y., Yoo, Y.D., Kang, N.S., Yoon, E.Y., Kim, G.H., 2014b. Feeding by the newly described heterotrophic dinoflagellate Stoeckeria changwonensis: A comparison with other species in the family Pfiesteriaceae. Harmful Algae 34, 11-21.
  • Lim, A.S., Jeong, H.J., Jang, T.Y., Kang, N.S., Jang, S.H., Lee, M.J., 2015b. Differential effects of typhoons on ichthytoxic Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides in the South sea of Korea during 2012-204. Harmful Algae 45, 26-32.
  • Lim, A.S., Jeong, H.J., Jang, T.Y., Jang, S.H., Franks, P.J.S., 2014a. Inhibition of growth rate and swimming speed of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides by diatoms: Implications for red tide formation. Harmful Algae 37, 53-61.
  • Lilly, E.L., Halanych, K.M., Anderson, D.M., 2007. Species boundaries and global biogeography of the Alexandrium tamarense complex (Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 43, 1329-1338.
  • Li, A., Stoecker, D.K., Coats, D.W., 2000. Mixotrophy in Gyrodinium galatheanum (dinophyceae): grazing responses to light intensity and inorganic nutrients. J. Phycol. 36, 33-45.
  • Leflaive, J. and Ten-Hage, L., 2009. Chemical interactions in diatoms: role of polyunsaturated aldehydes and precursor. New Phytologist 184, 794-805.
  • Lee, Y.S., Park, Y.T., Kim, Y.S., Kim, K.Y., Park, J.S., Go, W.J., Jo, Y.J., Park, S.Y., 2001. Countermeasure and outbreak mechanism of Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tide. 1. Environmental characteristics on outbreak and disappearance of Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom. The Sea 6, 259-264. (in Korean with English abstract)
  • Lee, S.K., Jeong, H.J., Jang, S.H., Lee, K.H., Kang, N.S., Lee, M.J., Potvin, ., 2014b. Mixotrophy in the newly described dinoflagellate Ansanella granifera: feeding mechanism, prey species, and effect of prey concentration. Algae 29, 137-152.
  • Lee, K.H., Jeong, J.H., Jang, T.Y., Lim, A.S., Kang, N.S., Kim, J., Kim, K.W., Park, K., Lee, K., 2014a. Feeding by the newly described mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium smaydae: Feeding mechanism, prey species, and effect of prey concentration. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 459, 114-125.
  • Lee, D., 2008. Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms and eco-physical conditions in the South Sea of Korea. Harmful Algae 7, 315-323.
  • Lee, C., Park, T., Park, Y., Lim, W., 2013. Monitoring and trends in harmful algal blooms and red tides in Korean coastal waters, with emphasis on Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Harmful Algae 30S, S3-S14.
  • Leaw, C.P., Lim, P.T., Ng, B.K., Cheah, M.Y., Ahmad, A., Usup, G., 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of Alexandrium species and Pyrodinium bahamense (Dinophyceae) based on theca morphology and nuclear ribosome gene sequence. J. Phycol. 44, 550-565.
  • Lara, M.D.C.C., Altamirano, R.C., Sierra-Beltr n, A.P., 2004. Presence of Cochlodinium catenatum (Gymnodiniales: Gymnodiniaceae) in red tides of Bah a de Banderas, Mexican Pacific. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52, 35-49.
  • Landsberg, J.H., Flewelling, L.J., Naar, J., 2009. Karenia brevis red tides, brevetoxins in the food web, and impacts on natural resources: decadal advancements. Harmful Algae 8, 598-607.
  • Kudela, R.M., Gobler, C.J., 2012. Harmful dinoflagellate blooms caused by Cochlodinium sp.: global expansion and ecological strategies facilitating bloom formation. Harmful Algae 14, 71-86.
  • Kremp, A., Tamminen, T., Spilling, K., 2008. Dinoflagellate bloom formation in natural assemblage with diatoms: nutrient competition and growth strategies in Baltic spring phytoplankton. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 50, 181-196.
  • Kremp, A., Tahvanainen, P., Litaker, W., Krock, B., Suikkanen, S., Leaw, C.P., Tomas, C., 2014. Phylogenetic relationships, morphological variation, and toxin patterns in the Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Dinophyceae) complex: implications for species boundaries and identities. J. Phycol. 50, 81-100.
  • Korea Maritime Institute (KMI). 2009. A basic study to advance Korea’s fisheries industry. pp. 394.
  • Kondo, K., Seike, Y., Date, Y., 1990. Red tides in the brackish lake Nakanoumi (II). Relationships between the occurrence of Prorocentrum minimum red tide and environmental conditions. Bull. Plankton Soc. Jpn, 37, 19-34.
  • Kita, T., Fukuyo, Y., 1988. Description of the Gonyaulacoid dinoflagellate Alexandrium hiranoi sp. nov. inhabiting tidepools on Japanese Pacific coast. Bull. Plank. Soc. Japan 35, 1-7.
  • Kim, Y.S., Jeong, C.S., Seong, G.T., Han, I.S., Lee, Y.S., 2010. Diurnal vertical migration of Cochlodinium polykrikoides during the red tide in Korean coastal sea waters. J. Environ. Biol. 31, 687-693.
  • Kim, T.W., Lee, K., Lee, C.K., Jeong, H.D., Suh, Y.S., Lim, W.A., Kim, K.Y., Jeong, H.J., 2013. Interannual nutrient dynamics in Korean coastal waters. Harmful Algae 30S, S15-S27.
  • Kim, H., Lee, C., Lee, S., Kim, H., Park, C., 2001. Physico-chemical factors on the growth of Cochlodinium polykrikoides and nutrient utilization. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 34, 445-456.
  • Kim, D., Matsuyama, Y., Nagasoe, S., Yamaguchi, M., Yoon, Y., Oshima, Y., Imada, N., Honjo, T., 2004. Effects of temperature, salinity and irradiance on the growth of the harmful red tide dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef (Dinophyceae). J. Plankton Res. 26, 61-66.
  • Ke, Z., Huang, L., Tan, Y., Song, X., 2012. A dinoflagellate Cochlodinium geminatum bloom in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River estuary in autumn 2009. Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn. 30, 371-378.
  • Kang, Y.S., Park, Y.T., Lim, W.A., Cho, E.S., Lee, C.K., Kang, Y.S., 2009. A comparative study on outbreak scale of Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms. J. Kor. Soc. Oceanogr. 14, 229-239.
  • Kang, N.S., Jeong, H.J., Moestrup, ., Shin, W.G., Nam, S.W., Park, J.Y., de Salas, M.F., Kim, K.W., Noh, J.H., 2010. Description of a new planktonic mixotrophic dinoflagellate Paragymnodinium shiwhaense n. gen., n. sp. from the coastal waters off western Korea: morphology, pigments, and ribosomal DNA gene sequence. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 57, 121-144.
  • John, U., Litaker, R.W., Montresor, M., Murray, S., Brosnahan, M.L., Anderson, D.M., 2014. Formal revision of the Alexandrium tamarense species complex (Dinophyceae) taxonomy: The introduction of five species with emphasis on molecular-based (rDNA) classification. Protist 165, 779-804.
  • John, U., Fensome, R.A., Medlin, L.K., 2003. The application of a molecular clock based on molecular sequences and the fossil record to explain biogeographic distributions within the Alexandrium tamarense “species complex” (Dinophyceae). Mol. Biol. Evol. 20, 1015-1027.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Seong, K.A., Kim, J.H., Park, J.Y., Kim, S.H., Lee, S.H., Ha, J.H., Yih, W.H., 2005c. Feeding by the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polygramma: mechanisms, prey species, the effects of prey concentration, and grazing impact. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 38, 249-257.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Park, J.Y., Song, J.Y., Kim, S.T., Lee, S.H., Kim, K.Y., Yih, W.H., 2005a. Feeding by the phototrophic red-tide dinoflagellates: five species newly revealed and six species previously known to be mixotrophic. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 40, 133-155.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Lee, K.H., Kim, T.H., Seong, K.A., Kang, N.S., Lee, S.Y., Kim, J.S., Kim, S., Yih, W.H., 2013. Red tides in Masan Bay, Korea in 2004-2005: I. Daily variations in the abundance of red tide organisms and environmental factors. Harmful Algae 30S, S75-S88.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Kim, S.T., Kang, N.S., 2004a. Feeding by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium bipes on the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Aquatic. Microb. Ecol. 36, 171-179.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Kim, J.S., Seong, K.A., Kang, N.S., Kim, T.H., 2010a. Growth, feeding and ecological roles of the mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs. Ocean Sci. J. 45, 65-91.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Kim, J.S., Kim, T.H., Kim, J.H., Kang, N.S., Yih, W., 2004b. Mixotrophy in the phototrophic harmful alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Dinophycean): prey species, the effects of prey concentration, and grazing impact. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 51, 563-569.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Kang, N.S., Rho, J.R., Seong, K.A., Park, J.W., Nam, G.S., Yih, W.H., 2010b. Ecology of Gymnodinium aureolum. I. Feeding in western Korean waters. Aquat. Microbial Ecol. 59, 239-255.
  • Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D., Kang, N.S., Lim, A.S., Seong, K.A., Lee, S.Y., Lee, M.J., Lee, K.H., Kim, H.S., Shin, W., Nam, S.W., Yih, W., Lee, K., 2012. Heterotrophic feeding as a newly identified survival strategy of the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 109, 12604-12609.
  • Jeong, H.J., Shim, J.H., Lee, C.W., Kim, J.S., Koh, S.M., 1999b. Growth and grazing rates of the marine planktonic ciliate Strombidinopsis sp. on red-tide and toxic dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.46, 69-76.
  • Jeong, H.J., Shim, J.H., Kim, J.S., Park, J.Y., Lee, C.W., Lee, Y., 1999a. The feeding by the thecate mixotrophic dinoflagellate Fragilidium cf. mexicanum on red tide and toxic dinoflagellate. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 176, 263-277.
  • Jeong, H.J., Park, J.Y., Nho, J.H., Park, M.O., Ha, J.H., Seong, K.A., Jeng, C., Seong, C.N., Lee, K.Y., Yih, W.H., 2005b. Feeding by red-tide dinoflagellates on the cyanobacterium Synechococcus. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 41, 131-143.
  • Jeong, H.J., Park, J.K., Choi, H.Y., Yang, J.S., Shim, J.H., Shin, Y.K., Yih, W.H., Kim, H.S., Cho, K.J., 2000. The outbreak of red tides in the coastal waters off Kohung, Chonnam, Korea. 2. The temporal and spatial waters variations in the phytoplanktonic community in 1997. J. Kor. Soc. Oceanogr. 5, 27-36. (written in Korean with English abstract)
  • Jeong, H.J., Kim, J.S., Yoo, Y.D., Kim, S.T., Song, J.Y., Kim, T.H., Seong, K.A., Kang, N.S., Kim, M.S., Kim, J.H., Kim, S., Ryu, J., Lee, H.M., Yih, W.H., 2008. Control of the harmful alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides by the naked ciliate Strombidinopsis jeokjo in mesocosm enclosures. Harmful Algae 7, 368-377.
  • Jeong, H.J., Kim, J.S., Kim, J.H., Kim, S.T., Seong, K.A., Kim, T.H., Song, J.Y., Kim, S.K., 2005d. Feeding and grazing impact of the newly described heterotrophic dinoflagellate Stoeckeria algicida on the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 295, 69-75.
  • Jeong, H.J., Ha, J.H., Yoo, Y.D., Park, J.Y., Kim, J.H., Kang, N.S., Kim, T.H., Kim, H.S., Yih, W.H., 2007. Feeding by the Pfiesteria-like heterotrophic dinoflagellate Luciella masanensis. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 54, 231-241.
  • Jeong, H.J., Ha, J.H., Park, J.Y., Kim, J.H., Kang, N.S., Kim, S., Kim, J.S., Yoo, Y.D., Yih, W., 2006. Distribution of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida in Korean waters and its consumption of mixotrophic dinoflagellates, raphidophytes and fish blood cells. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 44, 263-278.
  • Jacobson, D.M., Anderson, D.M., 1996. Widespread phagocytosis of ciliates and other protists by marine mixotrphic and heterotrophic thecate dinoflagellates. J. Phycol. 32, 279-285.
  • Imai, I., Yamaguchi, M., Hori, Y., 2006. Eutrophication and occurrences of harmful algal blooms in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Plankton Benthos Res. 1, 71-84.
  • Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F., 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Bioinformatics 17, 754-755.
  • Heinbokel, J.F., 1978. Studies on the functional role of tintinnids in the Southern California Bight. I. Grazing and growth rates in laboratory cultures. Mar. Biol. 47, 177-189.
  • Hansen, P.J., Nielsen, T.G., 1997. Mixotrophic feeding of Fragilidium subglobosum (Dinophyceae) on three species of Ceratium: effects of prey concentration, prey species and light intensity. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 147, 187-196.
  • Hansen, P.J., Calado, A. J., 1999. Phagotrophic mechanisms and prey selection in free-living dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 46, 382-389.
  • Hansen, P.J., Bjornsen, P.K., Hansen, B.W., 1997. Zooplankton grazing and growth: scaling within the 2-2,000 μm body size range. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 687-704.
  • Hansen, P. J., 2011. The role of photosynthesis and food uptake for the growth of marine mixotrophic dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 58, 203-214.
  • Hamzehei, S., Bidokhi, A.A., Mortazavi, M.S., Gheiby, A., 2013. Red tide monitoring in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman using MODIS sensor data. Tech. J. Engin. App. Sci. 3, 1100-1107.
  • Hallegraeff, G.M., 1993. A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia. 32: 79-99.
  • Hallegraeff, G.M., 1992. Harmful algal blooms in the Australian region. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 25, 185-190.
  • Halim, Y., 1960. Alexandrium minutum n. gen. s. sp., dinoflagellate provocant “des eaus rouges”. Vie. et Milieu 11, 102-105.
  • Guillard, R.R.L., Ryther, J.H., 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Grun. Can. J. Microbiol. 8, 229-239.
  • Gu, H., Zeng, N., Liu, T., Yang, W., M ller, A., Krock, B., 2013. Morphology, toxicity, and phylogeny of Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) species along the coast of China. Harmful Algae 27, 68-81.
  • Gribble, K.E., Keafer, B.A., Quilliam, M.A., Cembella, A.D., Kulis, D.M., Manahan, A., Anderson, D.M., 2005. Distribution and toxicity of Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Dinophyceae) in the Gulf of Maine, USA. Deep-Sea Res. 52, 2745-2763.
  • Godhe, A., Asplund, M.E., H rnstr m, K., Saravanan, V., Tyagi, A., Karunasagar, I., 2008. Quantification of diatom and dinoflagellte biomasses in coastal marine seawater samples by Real-time PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 7174-7182.
  • Gobler, C.J., Burson, A., Koch, F., Tang, Y., Mulholland, M.R., 2012. The role of nitrogenous nutrients in the occurrence of harmful algal blooms caused by Cochlodinium polykrikoides in New York estuaries (USA). Harmful Algae 17, 64-74.
  • Gobler, C.J., Berry, D.L., Anderson, O.R., Burson, A., Koch, F., Rodger, B.S., Moore, L.K., Goleski, J.A., Allam, B., Bowser, P., Tang, Y., Nuzzi, R., 2008. Characterization, dynamics, and ecological impacts of harmful Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms on eastern Long Island, NY, USA. Harmful Algae 7, 293-307.
  • Glibert, P.M., Burkholder, J.M., Kana, T.M., Alexander, J., Skelton, H., Shilling, C., 2009. Grazing by Karenia brevis on Synechococcus enhances its growth rate and may help to sustain blooms. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 55, 17-30.
  • Giovannoni, S.J., DeLong, E.F., Olsen, G.J., Pace, N.R., 1988. Phylogenetic group-specific oligodeoxynucleotide probes for identification of single microbial cells. J. Bacteriol. 170, 720-726.
  • Giacobbe, M.G., Yang, X., 1999. The life history of Alexandrium taylori (Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 35, 331-338.
  • Geraci, J.R., Anderson, D.M., Timperi, R.J., St. Aubin D.J., Early, G.A., Prescott, J.H., Mayo, C.A., 1989. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46, 1895-1898.
  • G rate-Liz rraga, I., L pez-Cortes, D.J., Bustillo-Guzm n, J.J., Hem ndez-Sandoval, F., 2004. Blooms of Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Gymnodiniaceae) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52(S1), 51-58.
  • G mez-Villarreal, M.C., Mart nez-Gaxiola, M.D., Pe a-Manjarrez, J.L., 2008. Algal blooms at Banderas Bay, Mexico (2000-2001), from SeaWiFS-sensor-data. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56, 1653-1664.
  • Fukuyo, Y., Imai, I., Kodama, M., Tamai, K., 2002. Red tide and other harmful algal blooms in Japan. In: Tayler, F.R.J., Trainer, V.L. (Eds.), Harmful algal blooms in the PICES region of the North Pacific. PICES Sci. Rep. No. 23, pp. 152.
  • Fudge, H., 1977. The "Red Tides" of Malta. Mar. Biol. 39, 381-386.
  • Frost, B.W., 1972. Effects of size and concentration of food particles on the feeding behavior of the marine planktonic copepod Calanus pacificus. Limnol. Oceanogr., 17:805-815.
  • Franks, P.J.S, Anderson, D.M., 1992. Alongshore transport of a toxic phytoplankton bloom in buoyancy current: Alexandrium tamarense in the Gulf of Maine. Mar. Bol. 112, 153-164.
  • Fogel, M.L., Aguilar, C., Cuhel, R., Hollander, D.J., Willey, J.D., Paerl, H.W., 1999. Biological and isotopic changes in coastal waters induced by Hurricane Gordon. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44, 1359-1369.
  • Fistarol, G.O., Legrand, C., Selander, E., Hummert, C., Stolte, W., Gran li, E., 2004. Allelopathy in Alexandrium spp.: effect on a natural plankton community and on algal monocultures. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 35, 45-56.
  • Emanuel, K., 2003. Tropical cyclones. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 31, 75-104.
  • Elbr chter, M., 1977. On population dynamics in multi-species cultures of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Helgol nder wiss. Meeresunters 30, 192-200.
  • Daugbjerg, N., Hansen, G., Larsen, J., Moestrup, ., 2000. Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. Phycologia 39, 302-317.
  • D'Silva, M.S., Anil, A.C., Naik, R.K., D'Costa P.M., 2012. Algal blooms: a perspective from the coasts of India. Nat. Hazards 63, 1225-1253.
  • Curtiss, C.C., Langlois, G.W., Busse, L.B., Mazzillo, F., Silver, M. W., 2008. The emergence of Cochlodinium along the California Coast (USA). Harmful Algae 7, 337-346.
  • Chung, C., Gong, G., Hung, C., 2012. Effect of typhoon Morakot on microphytoplankton population dynamics in the subtropical Northwest Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 448, 39-49.
  • Cho, E., 2010. A comparative study on outbreak and non-outbreak of Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef in South Sea of Korea in 2007-2009. J. Kor. Soc. Mar. Environ. Safety 16, 31-41. (in Korean)
  • Cho, E. 2006. Report on Protoperidinium sp. fed on Cochlodinium polykrikodies (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae). Kor. J. Environ. Sci. 15, 385-386.
  • Chen, Y.L., Chen, H., Jan, S., Tuo, S., 2009. Phytoplankton productivity enhancement and assemblage change in the upstream Kuroshio after typhoons. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 385, 111-126.
  • Chan, A.T., 1978. Comparative physiological study of marine diatoms and dinoflagellates in relation to irradiance and cell size. I. Growth under continuous light. J. Phycol. 14, 396-402.
  • Cembella, A.D., Quilliam, M.A., Lewis, N.I., Bauder, A.G., Dell’Aversano, C., Thomas, K., Jellett, J., Cusack, R.R., 2002. The toxigenic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense as the probable cause of mortality of caged salmon in Nova Scotia. Harmful Algae 1, 313-325.
  • Burkholder, J.M., Glibert, P.M., Skelton, H.M., 2008. Mixotrophy, a major mode of nutrition for harmful algal species in eutrophic waters. Harmful Algae 8, 77-93.
  • Bockstahler, K.R., Coats, D.W., 1993. Spatial and temporal aspects of mixotrophy in Chesapeake Bay dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 40, 49-60.
  • Blossom, H.E., Daugbjerg, N., Hansen, P.J., 2012. Toxic mucus traps: A novel mechanisms that mediates prey uptake in the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax. Harmful Algae 17, 40-53.
  • Berge, T., Hansen, P.J., Moestrup, ., 2008. Prey size spectrum and bioenergetics of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Karlodinium armiger . Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 50, 289-299.
  • Banse, K., 1982. Cell volumes, maximal growth rates of unicellular algae and ciliates and the role of ciliates in the marine pelagial. Limnol. Oceanogr. 27, 1057-1071.
  • Balech, E., 1995. The genus Alexandrium Halim (Dinoflagellata). Sherkin Island Marine Station Publication, Sherkin Island, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Balech, E., 1994. Three new species of the genus Alexandrium (dinoflagellate). Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 113, 216-220.
  • Azanza, R.V., David, L.T., Borja, R.T., Baula, I.U., Fukuyo, Y., 2008. An extensive Cochlodinium bloom along the western coast of Palawan, Philippines. Harmful Algae 7, 324-330.
  • Anton, A., Teoh, P.L., Mohd-Shaleh, S.R., Mohammad-Noor, N., 2008. First occurrence of Cochlodinium blooms in Sabah, Malaysia. Harmful Algae 7, 331-336.
  • Anderson, D.M., Alpermann, T.J., Cembella, A.D., Collos, Y., Masseret, E., Montresor, M., 2012. The globally distributed genus Alexandrium: multifaced roles in marine ecosystems and impacts on human health. Harmful Algae 14, 10-35.
  • Anderson, D.M., 1997. Turning back the harmful red tide. Nature. 388: 513-514.
  • Allen, W.E., 1949. Data files, 1917-1949. Accession No. 81-19. Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives, University of California, San Diego.
  • Adolf, J.E., Bachvaroff, T.R., Krupatkina, D.N., Nonogaki, H., Brown, P.J.P., Lewitus, A.J., Harvey, H.R., Place, A.R., 2006. Species specificity and potential roles of Karlodinium micrum toxin, African J. Mar. Sci. 28, 415-419.